We first derive the boundary theory from the U(1) Chern-Simons theory.The boundary action on an n-sheet manifold appears from its back-reaction of the Wilson line.The reason is that the U(1) Chern-Simons theory can provide an exact effective action when introducing the Wilson line.The Wilson line in the pure AdS3 Einstein gravity is equivalent to e
The mucosal surfaces of the human body are challenged by millions of microbes on a daily basis.Co-evolution with these microbes has led to Biscuits the development of plastic mechanisms in both host and microorganisms that regulate the balance between preserving beneficial microbes and clearing pathogens.Candida albicans is a fungal pathobiont pres
Free-living anaerobic ciliates are of considerable interest from an ecological and an evolutionary standpoint.Extraordinary tentacle-bearing predatory lineages have evolved independently several times within the phylum Ciliophora, including two rarely encountered anaerobic litostomatean genera, Legendrea and Dactylochlamys.In this study, we signifi
One of the methods to create the idea in the architectural design is the principles and patterns in the natural phenomena.The current study consists of two sections.The first section introduces and recognizes the analogy of nature and its different types.Then, this section studies, classifies, and analyzes the opinions using the analytical-descript
This article aims to reveal the dynamics of the pepper trade in Lampung in three political systems.The study uses historical method consists of heuristics, criticism, interpretation, and historiography.The struggle for influence in the region is created in the pattern of domination and subordination.Lampung as the pepper producer is under the Camer